Techniques in Gastrointestinal Endoscopy
Volume 11, Issue 4 , Pages 171-176, October 2009

New modalities and paradigms for sedation: “new sedation agents”

  • Michael G. Rossi, DO
    • ,
  • Keith A. Candiotti, MD

      Affiliations

    • Corresponding Author InformationAddress reprint requests to Keith A. Candiotti, MD, Department of Anesthesiology, University of Miami, PO Box 016370 (R-370), Miami, FL 33101-6370

Department of Anesthesiology, University of Miami, Miami, Florida

Most endoscopic procedures in the USA are performed with some form of conscious sedation. The typical practice of midazolam and fentanyl is being supplanted by newer agents, including propofol, fospropofol, ketamine, and dexmedetomidine. These agents offer various advantages; propofol has significantly faster onset and offset, fospropofol avoids the problems associated with the lipid emulsion of propofol, and ketamine and dexmedetomidine avoid the respiratory depression associated with other sedatives. Understanding the properties of these agents may improve patient outcomes during endoscopy.

Keywords: Conscious sedation, Endoscopy, Fospropofol, Dexmedetomidine, Propofol, Ketamine

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 The authors reports no direct financial interests that might pose a conflict of interest in connection with the submitted manuscript.

PII: S1096-2883(09)00080-1

doi:10.1016/j.tgie.2009.09.004

Techniques in Gastrointestinal Endoscopy
Volume 11, Issue 4 , Pages 171-176, October 2009

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