Techniques in Gastrointestinal Endoscopy
Volume 12, Issue 2 , Pages 90-99 , April 2010

Confocal endomicroscopy

  • Kerry B. Dunbar, MD

      Affiliations

    • Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
    • ,
  • Marcia I. Canto, MD, MHS

      Affiliations

    • Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
    • Department of Oncology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
    • Corresponding Author InformationAddress reprint requests to Marcia I. Canto, MD, MHS, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, 1830 East Monument Street, Room 427, Baltimore, MD 21205

References 

  1. Sakashita M, Inoue H, Kashida H, et al. Virtual histology of colorectal lesions using laser-scanning confocal microscopy. Endoscopy. 2003;35:1033–1038
  2. Kiesslich R, Goetz M, Burg J, et al. Diagnosing Helicobacter pylori in vivo by confocal laser endoscopy. Gastroenterology. 2005;128:2119–2123
  3. Polglase AL, McLaren WJ, Skinner SA, et al. A fluorescence confocal endomicroscope for in vivo microscopy of the upper- and the lower-GI tract. Gastrointest Endosc. 2005;62:686–695
  4. Goetz M, Toermer T, Vieth M, et al. Simultaneous confocal laser endomicroscopy and chromoendoscopy with topical cresyl violet. Gastrointest Endosc. 2009;70:959–968
  5. Pech O, Rabenstein T, Manner H, et al. Confocal laser endomicroscopy for in vivo diagnosis of early squamous cell carcinoma in the esophagus. Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2008;6:89–94
  6. Dunbar KB, Okolo P, Montgomery E, et al. Confocal laser endomicroscopy in Barrett's esophagus and endoscopically inapparent Barrett's neoplasia: A prospective, randomized, double-blind, controlled, crossover trial. Gastrointest Endosc. 2009;70:645–654
  7. Kiesslich R, Gossner L, Goetz M, et al. In vivo histology of Barrett's esophagus and associated neoplasia by confocal laser endomicroscopy. Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2006;4:979–987
  8. Pohl H, Rosch T, Vieth M, et al. Miniprobe confocal laser microscopy for the detection of invisible neoplasia in patients with Barrett's oesophagus. Gut. 2008;57:1648–1653
  9. Trovato C, Sonzogni A, Fiori G, et al. Confocal laser endomicroscopy for in vivo diagnosis of Barrett's esophagus and associated neoplasia: An ongoing prospective study. Gastrointest Endosc. 2008;67:AB97
  10. In:  Kiesslich R,  Galle P,  Neurath M editor. Atlas of Endomicroscopy. Heidleberg, Germany: Springer Medezin Verlag; 2008;
  11. Wallace MB, Meining A, Canto MI, et al. Review article: Safety of intravenous fluorescein for confocal laser endomicroscopy in the gastrointestinal tract. Aliment Pharmacol Ther. 2010;31:548–552
  12. Lipson BK, Yannuzzi LA. Complications of intravenous fluorescein injections. Int Ophthalmol Clin. 1989;29:200–205
  13. Leung KK, Maru D, Abraham S, et al. Optical EMR: Confocal endomicroscopy-targeted EMR of focal high-grade dysplasia in Barrett's esophagus. Gastrointest Endosc. 2009;69:170–172
  14. Hsuing PL, Hardy J, Friedland S, et al. Detection of colonic dysplasia in vivo using a targeted heptapeptide and confocal microendoscopy. Nat Med. 2008;14:454–458
  15. Goetz M, Ziebart A, Foersch S, et al. In vivo molecular imaging of colorectal cancer with confocal endomicroscopy of epidermal growth factor receptor. Gastroenterology. 2010;138:435–446
  16. Rogart JN, Nagata J, Loeser CS, et al. Multiphoton imaging can be used for microscopic examination of intact human gastrointestinal mucosa ex vivo. Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2008;6:95–101
  17. Kang D, Suter MJ, Boudoux C, et al. Comprehensive imaging of gastroesophageal biopsy samples by spectrally encoded confocal microscopy. Gastrointest Endosc. 2010;71:35–43

 The authors report no direct financial interests that might pose a conflict of interest in connection with the submitted manuscript.

PII: S1096-2883(10)00028-8

doi: 10.1016/j.tgie.2010.02.010

Techniques in Gastrointestinal Endoscopy
Volume 12, Issue 2 , Pages 90-99 , April 2010

Article Tools

* Image Usage & Resolution